Check your fuses. If your brake lights are ran off a toggle switch...you have had a " master electrician " modifying stuff!

Get a simple circuit tester at the auto store. I asume the brake switch on the brake pedal is not functional. Get a new one and install it. Remove the " master electricians " handy work and check your brake lights.
Head lights...switch could be bad, check connections and test for power at the switch using the circuit tester. Electricity is a very simple creature. It flows out from the battery to a fuse block or in line fuse, then to your switches, which open and close the circuit on the hot wires (red) from your battery. From the switch, it flows to the accessary, lights, horn, wippers, what ever. After power leaves the accessary, it travels back to the battery on the negative wire .All negative wires usually ground to the frame or any other grounded metal surface that is close to the accessary. " Master Electricians " sometimes run the ground wire all the way back to the battery. This works but is unnecessary. The battery is grounded to the frame by the negative battery cable. (black)
If something doesen't work there is a break somewhere in the circut ( electrical loop ). Think of electricity as an unbroken circle with the battery, fuse box, accessary all inline with the circle. Find the break fix the problem.