In order of important things to deal with ...
1) the MAF
Sounds like you got that connected, but it could still be "damaged". They are fragile, and the previous owner might have hurt it. I hope not, because they aint cheap, but since you reconnected it at least it runs. I have my manuals packed away at the moment, but I do recall a "bench test" for it, hopefully someone can provide a pointer there.
2) the vacuum leaks
Seems like you're getting close. I'd say just plug the "disconnected hose" with a golf tee (or whatever). At least the leak is plugged and then later you can verify that all vacuum hoses are properly routed/connected
3) the after cat 02
This will not be fun/cheap to pull/replace, but you really should get that fixed. Someone else might chime in with a "delete it fix" (e.g. a resistor or some such to fake it like "all is fine").
4) the EGR
Sounds like you've gone through the process of cleaning gunk, but it's unclear if you dealt with the passage that runs from the exhaust header through the block to the EGR valve. That passage is a PITA to get clear (without pulling the exhaust manifold), but can be done with lots of carb cleaner and a stick of wire.
I think you really need to address #1, #2, and #3 (to the best you can), and then clear codes, and run to see what comes back.
Otherwise, the ECU is likely to simply go into "limp mode" and start dumping fuel into the intake (which IMO explains your running symptoms).
The EGR problems shouldn't cause "limp mode", but is an annoying code throw (plenty here have that t-shirt).
Also, if you just plug the vacuum leak (without finding the proper routing of the various vac lines), may or may not result in "limp mode". For example, if the evap cannister isn't functioning properly, a code will be thrown, but you won't be in "limp mode". Then again if some important sensor is missing its vac, whammo "limp mode".
Good luck, and hope this is helpful.